| Summary: | 碩士 === 中國文化大學 === 生物科技研究所 === 92 === The genetic stability of breeds and economic traits of market demand is likely to be the task goal of the Taiwan native chicken (TNC) industry. Strategic solutions towards the task goal may include both genotyping analysis and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. The genotyping analysis exploits microsatellite markers to reveal the genetic polymorphism among individuals and breeds for subsequent genetic relationship deduction. The QTL analysis with the marker assisted selection is the efficient molecular breeding technique for improving the reproductive performance of TNC breeds. The QTL markers are effective selection markers in molecular breeding system after the linkage disequilibrium analysis based on the genetic linkage mapof microsatellite markers. The DNA marker MarkQoff (Marker Quarter-off) in absolute size is developed and applied in order to enhance the data accuracy and data integration of microsatellite experiment results, which may subsequently incorporated into automatic image data analysis (Aida) software for reducing the analysis time and labor.
In genotyping aspect, the preserved TNC breeds in National Chung Hsing University, including Hwa-Liang, King-Man, Ju-Chi, Shin-I and Erh-Mei breeds, are analyzed with seven microsatellite markers of ADL0102, ADL0158, ADL017, ADL0176, ADL0181, ADL0210, and ADL0267. The high resolution polymorphism data of microsatellite is collected with DNA sequencing gel and MarkQoff absolute size marker. The clustering analysis with NTSYS software reveals that the TNC breeds are within genetically related clusters, except that turkey breed is within independent cluster at 0.11 similarity. Likewise, the results AMOVA analysis demonstrates that the intra-breed variance of 3.175 is greater than the inter-breed variance of 2.641. The analysis data of variance component significance with Hwa-Liang, Ju-Chi, and Erh-Mei breeds respectively compared with entire TNC breeds has shown the significance (P < 0.0010), whereas opposite results found in King-Man (0.1199) and Shin-I (0.0410) breeds may reflect the status of mixing. Moreover, the various breeds combination analysis has also revealed the variance component significance (P<0.001), especially with the Leghorn breed. In QTL aspect, the TNC families generated in National Chung Hsing University following the designed 3 generation mating plan are performed with selected dam and sire chickens from the L2 breed of high egg production rate and the B breed of high meat production rate. The G0 and G1 families of 83 and 115 chickens are analyzed with microsatellite markers into 1-D dendrogram, 2-D and 3-D PCA plots, with which the parental dam and sire are selected with subsequent combination of egg production record.
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