| Summary: | 博士 === 靜宜大學 === 食品營養研究所 === 95 === Monascus species have been confirmed to produce many metobiltes by cultivation on rice grains that is used as a functional dietary supplement. These metabolities includes hydrolytic enzymes, primary metabolites (unsaturated fatty acids, esters) and secondary metabolites (pigments, monascidin, monacolins, GABA, flavonoids and other unindentified bioactive compounds). Monascus-fermented product (MP) has been used as a functional dietary supplement and also as food material in various new products. Although several reports of improvement in functional characteristics by MP supplement have been issued, most of them focus on the prevention of hypertension and blood sugar. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antioxidative activity, thermal degradation kinetics of monacolin K, hypertriglyceridemic effects of Hamster rats, and learning and memory in SAMP8 mice.
Monacolin K content of MP solution remained fairly constant in the range of pH 3-9. The content of monacolin K rapidly decreased to 14.1% when heat temperature increased to 121℃ for 90min at pH 9. The thermal degradation kinetics of monacolin K followed a first order kinetic reaction (90-121℃, r2 = 0.99). The activation energy, enthalpy and entropy of monacolin K thermal degradation in 3% MP solution were estimated to be 126.64, 120.78 and 0.22 kJ/mol, respectively, as heated in the range of 90-121℃ (r2 = 0.99). Ethanolic extracts of MP has a dose-dependent kinetics in DPPH scavenging ability (DPPH IC50 = 6.67 ± 0.75mg/ml, r2 = 0.99). The highest reducing power was found to be 0.137 in 75% ethanol extracts of MP. The effects of MP and 0.1% cholesterol supplement on physiological characteristics suggested that MP significantly lowered total triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL ratio of serum total cholesterol but increased HDL, ratio of liver to BW in MP supplement diet groups (p<0.05). No side-effect on serum of ALT, AST, BUN level and morphology of tissues was observed in the MP 1 and MP 3 diet groups. As MP supplement level increased to 0.3% (high dosage diet), a significant side-effect was appeared on survival rate declining, bile ducts hyperplasia and moderate proximal tubular coagulative necrosis in liver of Hamster rats. This study indicated that all MP supplement diet groups significantly decreased the serum uric acid level (p < 0.05) as compared to control and normal diet groups. The results suggest the MP diets may promotion the purine metabolism. These findings conclude that MP supplement diet could improve the locomotion activity, grading score and active shuttle-avoidance test in both male and female SAMP8 mice (p < 0.05). It would appear to be a certain age-related changes as regards learning and memory can be improved by application of an MP-supplemented diet for SAMP8 mice. In the present study, these results have suggested that dietary supplementation of MP could be considered to effectively contribute to the retardation of the aging process for such individuals, as also contributing to an improvement in their learning ability, and encouraging a reduction in memory deterioration with age.
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