| Summary: | 碩士 === 政治作戰學校 === 政治研究所 === 95 === The impact of war is not only on the military but also on every field in society. Thus, homeland-defending affairs, the national defense affairs, and national strategy development are closely related with civilians. The critical subject of the relationship between the army and the society is to establish the concept of military and civil population forming a unified team to prevent the nation. The formation of our national Civil Service is based on the hope that the consensus of all-out defense can be set up to support the national defense and safeguard the nation.
This research method is mainly based on literature and comparison analysis. The aim of this study is to differentiate the U.S. Army Civil Affairs from our national military civil affairs, contrast both of them, and refer to the former as a guide to refine the latter. The findings of this study are as followed.
First, the concept o f civil affairs: U.S. Army Civil Affairs contains civil affairs (CA), CA Operations, Civil-Military Operations, and Military-Civic Action, all of which have distinctive meaning. The national military civil affairs is involved in Battle-Field Administration, CA Operations, Service, Mass Movements, Civil Affairs, and the current Civil Service. They were sequentially built up with the changing military-civil relationship at different periods. Also, their directions and enforcements were adjusted according to the switch of the national defense policy.
Second, the comparison analysis: Both of them undertake a responsibility for military-civil communication. But, due to the separate missions, the target population in U.S. Army Civil Affairs is foreign civilians, while the civil affairs in our army work mostly with domestic civilians. Accordingly, both of them function differently in terms of the function and content of work in civil affairs, but not in terms of the goals they pursuit.
Third, the refinement on the national military civil affairs: The role and the content of work of civil affairs concept in the national military still require revision to be more organized. In Civil Service practice, it is worth deserving the national military’s attention and being a leading direction to integrate military doctrine and resource, establish specialized troops, offer the training program for civil affairs and participate in military exercise and training.
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