| Summary: | 碩士 === 朝陽科技大學 === 建築及都市設計研究所 === 96 === Abstract
The development of the aviation industry contributes to the economy of a nation but may inevitably sacrifice the benefits of residents in specific regions. To maintain the development of the aviation industry and based on the polluters pay principle, it is necessary for the government to set up a series of regulations to collect fees from pollution makers. Such fee collection is intended not only to maintain the environment but also to induce the aviation industry to improve the noise-reduction technologies for aircrafts.
In the early implementation of the airport compensation policy, 3% of the landing fee was allotted as the compensation. After four years of implementation, the allotment was no longer accepted by the affected residents. Thus, “the regulation governing the distribution and use of airport noise prevention fees” was amended in 2005 to increase the compensation ratio to 8% of the landing fee.
This study selected residents in the noise-prevention area of the Taipei Songshan Airport as subjects and used questionnaire survey to collect their basic data, environmental awareness, opinion about the retention of the airport, valuation of compensation, and opinion about the amount of compensation. The execution of the compensation system was evaluated from five aspects. Using the airport compensation distributed in 2006 as an example, this study explored the residents’ environmental awareness and their valuation of an appropriate amount of airport compensation.
Through survey analysis, it was discovered that the government’s policy has not been completely conveyed to the residents to dissolve their anti-airport sentiments. Besides, the current noise rating system is inconsistent with the perception of local residents. The current airport compensation system considers noise and limitation on land development as negative factors and allots only 8% of the landing fee as the compensation. The distribution system is still based on the old system which calculates the compensation by the level of noise. It is indeed unreasonable. In this study, other negative factors, such as aviation safety and limitation on land development, were also included. Based on the impact of noise, aviation safety, limitation on land development on the local residents and the proper amount of compensation suggested by the residents, it was derived through multiple regression analysis that the compensation ratio should be increased to 12.36~17.07%. In addition to the increase of the airport compensation, promulgation of the compensation policy, dissemination of knowledge, and participation of citizens can also be reinforced to enhance the effects of the implementation.
KEYWORDS：NIMBY (Not In My Back Yard), Contingent valuation method, Airport compensation
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