| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 環境工程學研究所 === 96 === The Industrial Development Bureau （IDB） of the Ministry of Economic Affairs （MOEA） is the principal promoter of cleaner production on the domestic front. Each year through the cleaner production technical guidance program, the task force strategically selects enterprises of different industries from various industrial zones for guidance and promotion of cleaner production, or through the established Central Satellite System.
However, because of inadequate resources and funding, the promotion of cleaner production and related R&D technology are by no means popularized among small and medium enterprises （SMEs）, especially when the SMEs are unregistered small companies or factories outside of the industrial zones. They are naturally excluded from the technical guidance program. The fact that these enterprises account for a significant portion of the industry makes it difficult to control the total pollution emission, so the overall promotion of the cleaner production technical guidance program is limited to having insignificant results.
In this study, the complete process of actual technical guidance of the cleaner production promotion program to SMEs in Taipei County as it is conducted by the Cleaner Production & Regional Development Foundation has been recorded, which includes pre-planning, sending of official documents to manufacturers, on-site guidance, recommendations for possible improvements after guidance, tracking of promotion results in follow-up guidance, and demonstrating the overall results of the technical guidance program, etc. This has been the first attempt by a local government to promote the cleaner production technical guidance program to local industries.
In the research process, we have registered the difficulties encountered by the Foundation during the course of providing technical guidance of cleaner production to SMEs in Taipei County, and have explored the SME considerations in the cleaner production orientation. We have also examined the deficiencies that are commonly found in the management and implementation levels. In addition, we have surveyed the feasibility of cleaner production promotion strategies and improvement measures.
Furthermore, current information about the cleaner production technical guidance, policies, strategies and implementation means are compared with similar programs abroad. Based on the comparison results, we have offered recommendations for improvement of the promotion and implementation strategies. Finally, in the field survey and client visits we conducted, the difficulties encountered by SMEs during the promotion and implementation of cleaner production in the industries are reported to the Taipei County Government, which can be used as future reference for cleaner production technical guidance program and policy formulation.
The performance results of the technical guidance program shows overall reduction of pollution emission, including: reduction in CO2 emission by 1,164 tons/year, saving of water by 17,601 tons/year, reduction of hazardous sludge by 1,480 kilo/year, reduction of harmful Waste by 58.33 tons/year, reduction of general industrial waste by 15 tons/year, reduction of wastewater emission by 28,514 tons/year, reduction of chemical HCFC-141 CER by 69 tons/year, recovery of copper powder for 1,058kg/year, and reduction of liquid sulfuric acid emission by 142.56 kg/year, etc.
Regarding its overall results, the program has been hampered by general lack of awareness of the cleaner production among SMEs, and lack of related technology. The problems are compounded by lack of related incentives, regulations and legislations. In addition, SMEs have to face twofold difficulties of foreign competition and sluggish domestic demand. Such adverse conditions pose dual challenges for their business operation. Consequently, they show low intention to participate in the cleaner production program, resulting in a stagnant market for promoting the cleaner production program to domestic SMEs. Therefore, the impending issue is how to increase the funding for the promotion of cleaner production, and create incentives for spontaneous industry involvement, which is the most important task for the current industrial management and local government authorities.
The actual duration of the technical guidance program only covers nine months. In this study, the performance results of the technical promotion program of cleaner production to companies are quantified, which involves the conversion of annual pollution emission reduction in different periods before and after the improvement programs are installed. These numerical figures are to be applied in the performance evaluation.
We recommend follow-up studies and continuation of the technical guidance program to track the results of cleaner production in order to obtain reliable pollution reduction information. On the legislation front, laws and regulations for cleaner production are not yet installed in our country; we are clearly far behind when comparing with Europe, the United States, Japan and mainland China.
EU directives make use of their "market" and "economic" power to push global electronic and electrical machinery manufacturers and countless components manufacturers around the world to fulfill cleaner production. This could be a reference model for our country.
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