| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 植物保護系所 === 98 === In order to promote culture techniques for increasing the “nameko” mushroom production, the physiological and culture characteristics, and fruit-body formation of Pholiota nameko were studied in experiments. The clamp connection structure and condia of Pholiota nameko Pn-Qyo isolate could be observed on slide culture. The Pn-Qyo isolate used in experiments was identified as species of Pholiota nameko by comparison of the sequence of ribosomal DNA. The optimum temperature of mycelial growth was 24℃ and the optimum initial pH of medium was 5.0-6.0. Yeast malt agar medium was suitable for mycelia growth of P. nameko. Lactose and starch as carbon source, L-glutamine as nitrogen source were better for mycelial growth tested in Czapek agar medium. Illumination was not essential for mycelia growth and hard wood sawdust was better to mycelia growth and as spawn material comparing with pine sawdust. In nutrient supplementation experiments, 5% and 10% corn meal added to sawdust containing 5% rice bran are better for mycelial growth than of 20% corn meal supplementation, where as in rice bran supplemented to 5% sawdust containing corn meal, no rice bran added was the best for mycelial growth, the second best one 5% rice; 20% rice bran supplementation was the slowest in mycelial growth, but mycelia was denser. P. nameko grew faster on composted waste sawdust than fresh sawdust, but slower on noncomposted waste sawdust. Comparing the sawdust substrate supplemented with different amount of pangolagrass compost for mycelial growth of P. nameko, the result showed that the more amount of panglagrass compost added, the slower mycelial growth. In comparing the formulae of culture substrate reported by researchers for cultivation of P. nameko, the best substrate formula for mycelial growth was sawdust 90%, rice brane 5% and corn meal 5%; but for mushroom production, the best formula was sawdust 83% and corn meal 17% that had 31.6% of BE. In the experiments of corn meal supplementation into sawdust substrate containing 5% rice bran , the results indicated that 20% corn meal supplement could get higher BE in 38.6% from first flush harvesting, and reach to 71.6 of BE from total amount of two flushes, and the day required for harvesting after incubation in culture room was the least in 22.8 days, while in the supplementation of rice bran into sawdust containing 5% corn meal, the highest BE of 20% rice bran added was 29.0% from first flush harvesting, the day requirement in culture room was the least in 24.4 days. After mycelial full grown in the bag at 24-25℃, the mycelia moved directly into 18℃ culture room without 12℃ low temperature stimulation, got 69.5% of BE higher than that of 7 days low temperature pretreatment. Before moving into 18℃ culture room, the mycelia grown for 60 days at 24℃ got 23.4% of BE higher than that of 40 days or 45 days incubation.
|
|---|
