Research on the Shelter Facility and Escape Speed in the Institution for the Visually Impaired People－illustrated by institutions in north Taiwan

• Main Authors: You-Chiuan Su, 蘇宥銓
• Other Authors: Chung-Cheng Chiang
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2011
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64797465764371346056

碩士 === 中華大學 === 建築與都市計畫學系碩士班 === 99 === According to statistics by National Fire Agency in 2009 , 235 people had been harmed and loss NT.147 million in the case of construction fire. The damage of construction fire is harmful for the life of people and properties; therefore, how to preserve the lives and properties safe has become an important issue to the citizens. In recent years, the researches on the architectural disaster prevention have been increasing along with achievement on the fire prevention and emergency escape; however, most of the researches are focusing on elderly caring problems and medical treatment problems, and the study on the refuge weakling and care on them are far less. What is “refuge weakling”? Besides elders, children and pregnant ladies; the disabled, the handicapped, visually impaired, hearing impaired, and intelligence handicapped are also included. According to the statistics by Minister of Interior in 2009, the population of physically and mentally handicapped has reached to 1,071,073, in which visually impaired population are 56,928. The percentage of the physically and mentally handicapped population is 5.31%. According to the statistics, visually impaired population has been increasing year by year. The visual sense is an essential factor to influence emergency escape in the fire, so the more attention to the demand of emergency escape from the visually impaired need to be made. In recent years, the studies focus on mostly visually impaired on space consciousness, guiding facilities and accessible environment, but there is none on emergency escape. During the fire, the key element is the visibility, but there will be in a very much different situation for visually impaired from other refugee weaklings. The visually impaired can only depend on hearing and touching senses while they are visually handicap during emergency escape process, so the fire prevention program and refuge policy should be studied on the demand of visually impaired people to achieve the purpose of safety and meet of the user characteristics. In conclusion, the research took the facilities and user of domestic visually impaired organization as subjects. The research firstly investigated and tried to understand the emergency escape space and shelter facility of the building and the escape speed, the refuge characteristics of the visually impaired in emergency escape were also studied. According to the survey, the emergency escape of the visually impaired is slower than the ordinary people. The emergency escape of horizontal of the mild visually impaired people is 1.21m/sec, the moderate is 1.16m/sec, the severe is 0.92m/sec, the visually impaired with none light perception is 0.61m/sec. The visual sense is an essential factor to the emergency escape of the people.