| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺北教育大學 === 心理與諮商學系碩士班 === 99 === The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among personality traits, perceived emotional intelligence (PEI), and physician empathy in medical students. The survey data were collected from one medical school in northern Taiwan.
Three hundred and twenty-three medical students, from freshmen to senior, completed a survey packet consisting of three standardized instruments. Standardized instruments included the Mini-Marker scale, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS), and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Student Version (JSPE S-Version). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlations, and multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows.
First, participants’ personality traits obtained a significantly higher average rating of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, lower average rating of Neuroticism. Their PEI and physician empathy performance are good.
Regarding participants’ background variables, male medical students are more neurotic than female. There is no significant difference in PEI and physician empathy between genders. Junior students obtained a significantly higher average rating of positive personality traits than senior students. Additionally, junior students in PEI and physician empathy are better than senior students. Participants have religious belief obtained a significantly higher average rating in Agreeableness personality, PEI performance, and two of three TMMS dimensions: attention to feelings, mood repair. There is no significant difference in physician empathy between participants who have religious belief or not. Students without community service experience obtained a significantly higher average rating of PEI, two of three TMMS dimensions: attention to feelings, mood repair, and physician empathy than others.
About the relationships among variables, physician empathy, PEI, and two of three TMMS dimensions: clarity of feelings, mood repair are positive correlated with Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness personality, and negative correlated with Neuroticism. Attention to feelings is positive correlated with Conscientiousness and Agreeableness personality. Physician empathy is also positive correlated with PEI and three TMMS dimensions, i.e. attention to feelings, mood repair, and clarity of feelings.
For medical students’ physician empathy, mood repair was the most important predicting factor. Attention to feelings, Conscientiousness personality, Agreeableness personality and grades also had predicting power.
Implications based on the findings are provided for medical education, medical students, and counselor. Limitations of this study and suggestions for future study are discussed.
Key words: medical students, personality traits, perceived emotional intelligence, physician empathy, physician–patient relationship
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