| Summary: | 碩士 === 僑光科技大學 === 資訊科技研究所 === 99 === A Smart Grid is a form of electricity network using digital technology. A smart grid delivers electricity from suppliers to consumers using two-way digital communications to control appliances at consumers’ houses; this could save energy, reduce cost and increase reliability and transparency. The "Smart Grid" is envisioned to overlay the ordinary Electrical Grid with an information and net metering system, that includes smart meters. By using the smart meter or even more Advanced Metering Infrastructure ( AMI ) involve a real-time or near real-time sensors, power outage notification, and power quality monitoring. Thus measurement and control devices with two-way communications is able to achieve most efficiency of energy consumption.
This article will study the Smart Grid with transmission of the digital material and analysis. Each terminal AMI monitors the real time digital information and electric data, and then uses two-way communication to the supplier’s servers ( power company ). Due to the digital or electric outflow is widely different, several part was divided by the area or by the transmission levels - within the Home Area Network (HAN ), Local Area Network (LAN) and Wide Area Network (WAN ). Transmission media in the configuration, mainly in the Cable (PLC, Ethernet, FTTx), and wireless networks (WiFi, ZigBee, 3G, GPRS) as a representative, the information transmitted to management server, in the transmission medium with SSL / TLS handshake protocol to establish a secure channel, can prevent data leakage and tampering.
We use double authentication system to apply the electrical meter and using the Public Key Infrastructure(PKI) with user identities binding public keys with respective user identities by means of a Certificate Authority (CA). By using the X.509 system, a Certification Authority rules the whole power Grid , in order to avoid attack from the internet and protect the certification authority and two-way communication safety, prevent security attacks. At last, we use intrusion detection systems (IDS) to prevent MitM, DoS, DDoS, VLAN Hopping, Buffer Overflow Smart Grid attacks.
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