Association of Dietary Pattern with Bone Mineral Density in Taiwanese Women

• Main Authors: Pei-Song Hsu, 許棓菘
• Other Authors: 程蘊菁
• Format: Others
• Language: en_US
• Published: 2013
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14895724385783894707

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 流行病學與預防醫學研究所 === 101 === Background Diet has been closely associated with osteoporosis. Few studies have explored the associated between dietary pattern and bone mineral density (BMD) and results were inconsistent. It is well known that menopausal status has a great impact on BMD, however, no study include both pre- and postmenopausal women and compare how menopausal status affect the association between dietary pattern and BMD. Meanwhile, it is unclear how some risk or protective factors modify the association above. Material and Methods This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 1,567 women aged 40 to 55 were recruited from MJ Health Management Institution in Taipei, Taiwan (2009-2010).Bone mineral density (BMD, g/cm2) was measured at lumbar spine by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Based on a 25-question semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, factor analysis was performed to identify dietary patterns that can well explain the variation of BMD. Factor score of each food item was tertiled (high, medium, low) to explore the association between factor score and BMD. In addition, stratified analyses were performed to explore how menopausal status, other risk or protective factors affect the association between dietary patterns and BMD. Results Medium “vegetables and fruits” pattern protects against low BMD in women [adjusted OR (AOR) = 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.46-0.94]. After stratification, the association above remains significant among premenopausal women (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.39-0.86), women with normal BMI (18.5 to < 24 kg/m2:AOR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.41-0.93), women who are non-drinkers (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.44-0.92), never-smokers (AOR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.47-0.97) or lack of regular exercise (< 30 minutes/time and < 3 days/week, AOR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.26-0.71). In contrast, medium “salted pickles and instant noodles” pattern is associated with low BMD among smoking women (AOR = 8.74, 95% CI = 1.43-53.43). Conclusions Medium “vegetables and fruits pattern” protects against low BMD. This association remains in premenopausal women, women with normal BMI, or women who are non-drinkers, never smokers, or lack of regular exercise. In contrast, medium “salted pickles and instant noodles” pattern is associated with low BMD among smoking women.