| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 生命科學系 === 105 === The fungicolous fungi refer to species of fungi that consistently are associated with other fungi, including fungi growing on other fungi as parasites (mycoparasites), commensals or saprobes. Hypocreales (Ascomycota) is an order of fungi which has a large proportion of mycoparasitic or mycosaprotrophic species, but we still not know the details of interactions between the fungi. We randomly collected the samples from Yilan, Taipei, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Natou, Kinmen and Guangxi (China). Molecular analyses were used to determine the fungicolous species. The morphology of the species on natural substrata was compared with that in culture on Corn Meal Agar (CMA). In the DNA analysis, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for ± 97% identities of Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) rDNA and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequences were used for species identification as well as A phylogenetic analysis 14 fungicolous fungi were collected, including Acremonium sp., Acremonium citrinum, Cladobotryum semicirculare, Hypomyces chrysospermus, Hypomyces albidus, Hypomyces corticiicola, Lecancillium psallioate, Nectriopsis rexiana, Ramularia coleosporii, Ramularia sp.?,Simplicillium lanosoniveum, Sphaerostilbella sp., Trichoderma harzianum, and Trichoderma cf. asperellum. 3 of 14 fungicolous fungi species could only be identified to the genus. Host fungi were diverse, including Basidiomycota, Myxomycota, and Ascomycota with diverse genera. The host species include species of edible mushroom (Auricularia, Suillus), wood-decomposing polypores (Fomitella, Microporus), mycorrhiza fungi (Scleroderma, Suillus), saprobic and plant parasitic microfungi (Coleosporium, unidentified Phakopsoraceae, Gonatophragmium, Hemileia, Puccinia, Talaromyces) and slime mold (Arcyria). Some species were records for Taiwan; Acremonium citrinum which collected from a sooty mold and Nectriopsis rexiana on the mycomycete Arcyria denudata are new records, and Scleroderma is a new host genus for Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma cf. asperellum in Taiwan. One strain we collected from a rust fungus (Phakopsoraceae) on leaves of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata is a Ramularia-like species. Material of this fungus was studied on the natural substrate and in culture with light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and analyses of LSU and SSU rDNA sequences. The morphology and ultrastructure suggest identification as Ramularia species, but the DNA sequences indicate a relationship to Ustilaginomycotina.
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