| Summary: | 碩士 === 華梵大學 === 東方人文思想研究所 === 106 === This is a comparative research about the “gentleman conception” among Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi. The thesis induces the similarities are as follows: first, Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi all emphasize that gentlemen must have moral cultivation. Second, they attach great importance to learning abilities. Third, they have similar views on entering politics. Last, they attach great importance to independent will and judge between right and wrong by morality. The thesis induces the differences are as follows: first, Confucius focus on “Jen”, Mencius focus on “Yi”(appropriateness) and Xunzi focus on “Li”(rituals) and “Fa”(laws). Second, Confucius attach less importance to debate than Mencius and Xunzi, in other words, Mencius and Xunzi attach great importance to subjectivity. Third, Confucius and Mencius are idealized but Xunzi proceed from the objective facts and be practical. Last, Confucius and Mencius think that morality and nobility can be discussed individually but Xunzi implies both morality and nobility as a result. The gentleman conception among Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi is summed up in two conclusions. They are the ideal of “inwardly a sage and outwardly a king” and the end of expecting that everyone can be a “gentleman.” The final chapter discusses the main idea of modern gentleman conception as a conclusion of the whole thesis.
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