Employment Gentrification in High-speed Rail Station Areas

• Main Authors: Ze-Xing Xie, 謝澤星
• Other Authors: Jen-Jia Lin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p43gs8

碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 建築與城鄉研究所 === 106 === According to the studies over 50 years, the phenomenon of gentrification has not only been found in Europe, North America or Oceania, but also all over the world. Since the beginning of 21st century, gentrification issues have been explored in a broader and more diverse meanings. After reviewing the literatures of gentrification and High-speed rail (HSR) station area development, there are a lot of clues suggesting that a certain relationship between HSR station area development and gentrification exits. Especially under the background of rapid growth of HSR network and urbanization in China, the HSR services should result in a lot of influences on local socioeconomic developments. However, there is still a lack of research on examining the development of HSR station areas from the perspective of gentrification. In this study, the areas surrounding two HSR stations, Hangzhou Station and Hangzhou East Station, which launched HSR services early in China, were selected as the empirical study areas. Because the local residents in Hangzhou East Station area is resettled on-site, the impact of HSR on the local residents would be insignificant. Therefore, this study focused on the employment changes within station areas and proposed the concept of “employment gentrification”. Totally 67,367 records of enterprises in the HSR station areas and the non-HSR station areas were collected as the study sample. According to education and income levels of the staffs, the enterprise observations are discriminated into high/low groups. By applying the survival analysis methods, this study compared the survival risks of high/low group enterprises in HSR station areas and non-HSR station areas to clarify the relationship between HSR developments and employment gentrification. The research results show that the employment gentrification happened in Hangzhou Station area (inner city area); however, there is no evidence supporting the employment gentrification in Hangzhou East Station area (outer city area). Academically, this study supplements the knowledge of the relationship between rail transit developments and gentrification. Meanwhile, this study indicates the possible reasons why inner and outer city areas show different results of employment gentrification and notes the possible different manifestations between employment and residential gentrification induced by rail transit systems. Practically, the empirical results of this research suggest that governments and enterprises should adopt different policies in inner and outer city areas according to the development stages of HSR station areas to reduce the problems of space-mismatching between employment and residence caused by employment gentrification.