| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣海洋大學 === 海洋事務與資源管理研究所 === 107 === Illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities occur in many areas of Indonesia waters, including Tanjungbalai Asahan, North Sumatra Province. IUU fishing resulted in the decrease of fishery resources and caused disruption to fishery management. The Indonesian government has taken severe actions on eliminating IUU fishing in Indonesia, such as sinking vessels involved in IUU fishing activities in Indonesia waters, without exception for Indonesian flagged vessels. The objectives of this study are to define and analyze the IUU fishing activities of domestic/national fishing vessels and to provide strategies for fisheries and marine resources surveillance and management institutions in Tanjungbalai Asahan, North Sumatera Province to combat IUU fishing. The survey was conducted in Tanjungbalai City and Asahan District on July until August 2018. In-depth interviews of seven stakeholders from related institutions were conducted. In addition, 348 questionnaires were collected from fishers. The questionnaires include general profiles of respondents, characteristics of local fisheries and fishermen, fishing activities, policy aspects, enforcement capacity, and other questions. The quantitative data analyzed using by Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) 22.0 version. A strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was used to derive the strategies, while secondary data using descriptive analysis. Results showed that the most serious IUU fishing activity in Tanjungbalai Asahan was conducting transshipment without being recorded/reported to the authorities (50.9%)”, followed by “fishing in prohibited area (44%)”, “unreported landings fish (41.1%)”, “fishing without sailing approval letter/port clearance (40.2%)”, “without license/unlisted (39%)”, and “using prohibited fishing gear (trawl) (12.9%)”. Results from secondary data showed that surveillance funds in Fisheries and Marine Service of North Sumatra Province and in Marine and Fisheries Resources Surveillance Station of Belawan were limited. Likewise, the surveillance infrastructure and manpower in Tanjungbalai Asahan were limited. The number of community surveillance groups is still small. While IUU fishing activities from neighboring countries mostly come from Malaysia and Thailand. The form of violation of IUU fishing from other countries is illegally in Indonesian fishing jurisdiction without permission and using prohibition fishing gear such as trawls. It is suggested the following actions should be taken to combat IUU fishing: (1) improving Monitoring Control and Surveillance (MCS) system; (2) improving coordination between surveillance institutions; (3) promoting public awareness in coastal area; (4) building an adequate fishing ports; (5) increasing quantity of civil service investigator and fisheries supervisor; (6) urging neighboring countries actively combat IUU fishing, (7) increasing the number and participation of community surveillance groups (Pokmaswas); and (8) increasing surveillance funds.
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