Solving Ecological Problems through Physical Computing to Ensure Gender Balance in STEM Education

• Main Authors: Jevsikova, T. (Author), Juškevičienė, A. (Author), Stupurienė, G. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI 2022
• Subjects: Arduino microcontrollers; engineering and technology attitude; hands-on activities; inclusion and gender balance; physical computing; situational motivation; STEM education; technology anxiety
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Research and practice have shown that female students are less interested in engineering and programming. This is related to gender stereotypes and technological self-efficacy. Research has also pointed out that students in rural schools tend to do less well in STEM subjects and are less likely to pursue STEM studies than their peers from large cities. Previous studies have high-lighted the benefits of hands-on real-world-related engineering projects by building connections with students’ interests and technology while giving them something exciting to focus on. This study is aimed at investigating whether and how students’ individual characteristics (such as attitudes toward engineering and technology, motivation, and technology anxiety) are associated with rural school students’ engagement, gender differences, and inclusion in sustainable ecological engineering activities with Arduino microcontrollers. Surveys were conducted before and after the activity with pupils of a rural lower secondary school (ages 13–15). The results show that, female students’ initial attitude toward engineering and technology was significantly less positive than that of male students. Despite being novices in physical computing, a whole group of pupils were intrinsically motivated while performing these activities. The findings of this study provide transferable insights into practical STEM education that may strengthen students’ engagement, motivation, and achievement in STEM. The implications of the results of this study can be useful for a better understanding of the individual factors of students that influence future engineering activity design and STEM career selection opportunities. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.