| 总结: | Abstract Background A brain tumor is an abnormal tissue growth in the skull that can damage healthy brain areas by exerting pressure. While early detection is vital for prevention, accurate diagnosis with computer-aided design (CAD) systems remains challenging due to variations in tumor shape and location. Aim This paper provided a structured literature survey (SLS) of various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques that were utilized in detection, classification, segmentation, and fusion-based diagnosis involving multiple diagnostic systems and a newly designed convolution neural network (CNN) architecture. Method The SLS was based on reliable papers in the Web of Science (WoS) database and was organized into three phases. The first evaluated recent review papers, identified the number of methodological studies in each, focused on authenticated publications, and analyzed their diagnostic approaches, ending with a critical assessment of the reviews. The second examined recent methodological works in brain tumor diagnosis that were not covered in those reviews, assessing each by its performance metrics. Across these phases, 320 authenticated studies were analyzed. The final phase introduced the detecting and classifying brain tumors (DCBT) system. Results This system combined transferred EfficientNet-B0 (TR_EffNetB0) with a newly developed dual-path CNN architecture, attaining an accuracy of 98.5%. Conclusion The SLS concluded with intuitive key achievements and lessons learned, which made future research easier.
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