| الملخص: | To explore more efficient and less toxic antibacterial and antifungal pesticides, we utilized 2,6-difluorobenzamide as a starting material and ultimately synthesized 23 novel benzoylurea derivatives containing a pyrimidine moiety. Their structures were characterized and confirmed by <sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR, <sup>19</sup>F NMR, and HRMS. The bioassay results demonstrated that some of the title compounds exhibited moderate to good in vitro antifungal activities against <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in cucumber, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in tobacco, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in blueberry, <i>Phomopsis</i> sp., and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>. Notably, compounds <b>4j</b> and <b>4l</b> displayed EC<sub>50</sub> values of 6.72 and 5.21 μg/mL against <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i>, respectively, which were comparable to that of hymexazol (6.11 μg/mL). Meanwhile, at 200 and 100 concentrations, the target compounds <b>4a</b>–<b>4w</b> exhibited lower in vitro antibacterial activities against <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzicola</i> and <i>Xanthomonas citri</i> subsp. <i>citri</i>, respectively, compared to those of thiodiazole copper. Furthermore, the molecular docking simulation demonstrated that compound <b>4l</b> formed hydrogen bonds with SER-17 and SER-39 of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), providing a possible explanation for the mechanism of action between the target compounds and SDH. This study represents the first report on the antifungal and antibacterial activities of novel benzoylurea derivatives containing a pyrimidine moiety.
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