Relationship between typical fall patterns and fall-related fractures in older Japanese adults

• Published in: Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences
• Main Authors: Minoru YAMADA, Yusuke TERAO, Iwao KOJIMA, Shu TANAKA, Hiroki SAEGUSA, Miho NANBU, Shiho SOMA, Hiroki MATSUMOTO, Masaya SAITO, Kohei OKAWA, Naoto HAGA, Hidenori ARAI
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: The Japan Academy 2025-02-01
• Subjects: fall pattern; fall-related fracture; older adults; community-dwelling
• Online Access: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/pjab/101/2/101_pjab.101.004/_html/-char/en
• ISSN: 0386-2208; 1349-2896

This study explored the relationship between fall patterns and fall-related fractures in older adults. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among community-dwelling older adults in Maibara City, Japan, focusing on falls over the past three years. Among the 1,695 reported falls, 176 fractures occurred in 120 individuals. Backward or straight-down and sideways falls were more likely to result in fractures compared to forward falls, with odds ratios (95％ confidence interval) of 3.23 (2.08-5.02) and 3.68 (2.35-5.76), respectively. Falls triggered by slipping or loss of balance had higher fracture rates than those triggered by tripping. Specific fall patterns were associated with particular fractures, such as forearm and patella fractures from forward falls, spine fractures from backward or straight-down falls, and hip fractures from sideways falls. We conclude that the fracture risk varies significantly based on fall patterns, providing insights for enhancing fall prevention strategies.