Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management
The widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides has led to increasing resistance in non-target organisms, including the egg parasitoid <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>, a crucial biological control agent. Film-residue bioassays on 17 geographic strains revealed striking inter-strain varia...
| 發表在: | Insects |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| 格式: | Article |
| 語言: | 英语 |
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MDPI AG
2025-10-01
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| 在線閱讀: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/10/1038 |
| _version_ | 1848668067461070848 |
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| author | Yu-Tong Li Xiang-Xin Kong Wu-Nan Che Jin-Cheng Zhou Shu-Qi Wang Hui Dong |
| author_facet | Yu-Tong Li Xiang-Xin Kong Wu-Nan Che Jin-Cheng Zhou Shu-Qi Wang Hui Dong |
| author_sort | Yu-Tong Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| container_title | Insects |
| description | The widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides has led to increasing resistance in non-target organisms, including the egg parasitoid <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>, a crucial biological control agent. Film-residue bioassays on 17 geographic strains revealed striking inter-strain variability in susceptibility to imidacloprid, with mortality at a discriminating dose of 0.1 mg/L ranging from 25.7% to 87%. The most tolerant (FS) and least tolerant (HA) strains were subsequently selected for evaluation of biological parameters and comparative transcriptomics. Tolerant strains (FS) showed adaptive trade-offs: extended longevity (5.47 ± 0.57 d) and emergence (93.6 ± 1.9%), but reduced fecundity (54.6 ± 4.9 eggs) compared to HA. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2115 differentially expressed genes, with GO enrichment highlighting metabolic and detoxification pathways. KEGG analysis the most enriched pathways were “Protein digestion and absorption” and “Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction”. RT-qPCR confirmed overexpression of <i>CYP4C1</i>, <i>CYP6K1</i>, and <i>GstS1</i> in FS, indicating their potential roles in metabolic resistance if present. This study presents preliminary evidence of potential fitness trade-offs and molecular mechanisms that could underly imidacloprid resistance in <i>T. dendrolimi</i>, which may lead to important insights for resistance monitoring and more sustainable integrated pest management strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2158800a382b47d6be988f93a2adecb8 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| spelling | doaj-art-2158800a382b47d6be988f93a2adecb82025-10-28T16:45:45ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502025-10-011610103810.3390/insects16101038Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance ManagementYu-Tong Li0Xiang-Xin Kong1Wu-Nan Che2Jin-Cheng Zhou3Shu-Qi Wang4Hui Dong5College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, ChinaThe widespread use of neonicotinoid insecticides has led to increasing resistance in non-target organisms, including the egg parasitoid <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>, a crucial biological control agent. Film-residue bioassays on 17 geographic strains revealed striking inter-strain variability in susceptibility to imidacloprid, with mortality at a discriminating dose of 0.1 mg/L ranging from 25.7% to 87%. The most tolerant (FS) and least tolerant (HA) strains were subsequently selected for evaluation of biological parameters and comparative transcriptomics. Tolerant strains (FS) showed adaptive trade-offs: extended longevity (5.47 ± 0.57 d) and emergence (93.6 ± 1.9%), but reduced fecundity (54.6 ± 4.9 eggs) compared to HA. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2115 differentially expressed genes, with GO enrichment highlighting metabolic and detoxification pathways. KEGG analysis the most enriched pathways were “Protein digestion and absorption” and “Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction”. RT-qPCR confirmed overexpression of <i>CYP4C1</i>, <i>CYP6K1</i>, and <i>GstS1</i> in FS, indicating their potential roles in metabolic resistance if present. This study presents preliminary evidence of potential fitness trade-offs and molecular mechanisms that could underly imidacloprid resistance in <i>T. dendrolimi</i>, which may lead to important insights for resistance monitoring and more sustainable integrated pest management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/10/1038parasitoids<i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>biological controlgeographic strainstranscriptome analysis |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Tong Li Xiang-Xin Kong Wu-Nan Che Jin-Cheng Zhou Shu-Qi Wang Hui Dong Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management parasitoids <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i> biological control geographic strains transcriptome analysis |
| title | Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management |
| title_full | Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management |
| title_fullStr | Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management |
| title_short | Fitness Trade-Offs and Potential Metabolic Resistance Mechanisms in Geographically Distinct Strains of <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i>: Implications for Imidacloprid Resistance Management |
| title_sort | fitness trade offs and potential metabolic resistance mechanisms in geographically distinct strains of i trichogramma dendrolimi i implications for imidacloprid resistance management |
| topic | parasitoids <i>Trichogramma dendrolimi</i> biological control geographic strains transcriptome analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/10/1038 |
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