Extracellular Vesicles from <i>Ecklonia cava</i> and Phlorotannin Promote Rejuvenation in Aged Skin

• Published in: Marine Drugs
• Main Authors: Sosorburam Batsukh, Seyeon Oh, Ji Min Lee, Judy Hong Jin Joo, Kuk Hui Son, Kyunghee Byun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2024-05-01
• Subjects: <i>Ecklonia cava</i>; extracellular vesicles from <i>Ecklonia cava</i>; phlorotannin; skin rejuvenation
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/22/5/223

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) elicit diverse biological effects, including promoting skin health. EVs isolated from <i>Ecklonia cava</i> (EV-EC) carry heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which inhibits key regulators such as TNF-α, MAPKs, and NF-κB, consequently downregulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Aging exacerbates oxidative stress, upregulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling and worsening extracellular matrix degradation in the skin. <i>E. cava</i>-derived phlorotannin (PT) mitigates MAPK and NF-κB signaling. We evaluated the impact of EV-EC and PT on skin rejuvenation using an in vitro keratinocyte senescence model and an in vivo aged-mouse model. Western blotting confirmed the presence of HSP70 in EV-EC. Treatment with EV-EC and PT in senescent keratinocytes increased HSP70 expression and decreased the expression of TNF-α, MAPK, NF-κB, activator protein-1 (AP-1), and MMPs. Oxidative stress was also reduced. Sequential treatment with PT and EV-EC (PT/EV-EC) yielded more significant results compared to individual treatments. The administration of PT/EV-EC to the back skin of aged mice mirrored the in vitro findings, resulting in increased collagen fiber accumulation and improved elasticity in the aged skin. Therefore, PT/EV-EC holds promise in promoting skin rejuvenation by increasing HSP70 expression, decreasing the expression of MMPs, and reducing oxidative stress in aged skin.