Responses of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Varieties to gibberellic acid (GA3)

• Published in: Maǧallaẗ al-baṣraẗ al-ʻulūm al-zirāʻiyyaẗ
• Main Author: Ahmed H. Fadhil
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: University of Basrah 2025-08-01
• Subjects: grain yield; growth properties; Sorghum bicolor; varieties
• Online Access: https://www.bajas.edu.iq/BJAS/index.php/bjas/article/view/2673
• ISSN: 1814-5868; 2520-0860

During autumn season of 2023, a field experiment was carried out in Baghdad governorate, (33°24'58.6"N44°21'23.6"E). The aims were to investigate the response of three Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) varieties (Rabah, Kafeer and Enqaz), to foliar application of three gibberellic acid (GA3) concentration, control, 50, 100, or 200 mg L-1 and their interaction on growth properties and yield. The experiment design was factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replicates. The results revealed that Enqath presented superior performance in terms of days number to 75% flowering (54.25 days), plant height (166.67 cm), leaf area (3103.3 cm²) and leaf area index (4.213). On the other hand, Kafeer genotype gave highest number of leaves (12.17), number of grains per ear (2241.92), 1000-grain weight (24.92 g), plant yield (27.42 g) and total grain yield (4.39 t ha-1). The results showed that GA3 concentration of 200 mgL-1 was the most effective for all traits measured, shortest time to 75% flowering (53.44 days), plant height (167.11 cm), highest leaf area (3098.2 cm²), greatest leaf area index (5.007), maximum number of grains per ear (2242.78), highest 1000-grain weight (25.00 g), best plant yield (27.56 g), and highest total grain yield (4.31 t ha-1). For the interaction results, foliar application of 200 mg L-1 on Enqath variety gave the maximum average of days number to 75% flowering, highest leaves number, highest number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, plant yield and total grain yield by 50.00 days, 17.00 leaf plant-1, 2247.00, 29.00 g, 31.33 g, 4.76 t ha-1.