Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials
Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that is reported in up to 20,000 persons per year and has an economic impact close to $1.5 billion. Natural infection virtually always confers protection from future exposure, and this suggests that a preventative vaccine strategy is likely to succee...
| Published in: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/838 |
| _version_ | 1850311661265616896 |
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| author | John N. Galgiani Lisa F. Shubitz Marc J. Orbach M. Alejandra Mandel Daniel A. Powell Bruce S. Klein Edward J. Robb Mana Ohkura Devin J. Seka Thomas M. Tomasiak Thomas P. Monath |
| author_facet | John N. Galgiani Lisa F. Shubitz Marc J. Orbach M. Alejandra Mandel Daniel A. Powell Bruce S. Klein Edward J. Robb Mana Ohkura Devin J. Seka Thomas M. Tomasiak Thomas P. Monath |
| author_sort | John N. Galgiani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| container_title | Journal of Fungi |
| description | Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that is reported in up to 20,000 persons per year and has an economic impact close to $1.5 billion. Natural infection virtually always confers protection from future exposure, and this suggests that a preventative vaccine strategy is likely to succeed. We here review progress toward that objective. There has been ongoing research to discover a coccidioidal vaccine over the past seven decades, including one phase III clinical trial, but for reasons of either efficacy or feasibility, a safe and effective vaccine has not yet been developed. This review first summarizes the past research to develop a coccidioidal vaccine. It then details the evidence that supports a live, gene-deletion vaccine candidate as suitable for further development as both a veterinary and a human clinical product. Finally, a plausible vaccine development plan is described which would be applicable to this vaccine candidate and also useful to other future candidates. The public health and economic impact of coccidioidomycosis fully justifies a public private partnership for vaccine development, and the development of a vaccine for this orphan disease will likely require some degree of public funding. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3ddd8dab5dcf4a8ebd3af2a0e07f0366 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| spelling | doaj-art-3ddd8dab5dcf4a8ebd3af2a0e07f03662025-08-19T23:26:51ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-08-018883810.3390/jof8080838Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human TrialsJohn N. Galgiani0Lisa F. Shubitz1Marc J. Orbach2M. Alejandra Mandel3Daniel A. Powell4Bruce S. Klein5Edward J. Robb6Mana Ohkura7Devin J. Seka8Thomas M. Tomasiak9Thomas P. Monath10Valley Fever Center for Excellence, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USAValley Fever Center for Excellence, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USAValley Fever Center for Excellence, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USAValley Fever Center for Excellence, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USAValley Fever Center for Excellence, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, AZ 85724, USADepartment of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USAAnivive Lifesciences, Long Beach, CA 90807, USADepartment of Botany and Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USADepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USABio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USACrozet Biopharma LLC, Lexington, MA 02420, USACoccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that is reported in up to 20,000 persons per year and has an economic impact close to $1.5 billion. Natural infection virtually always confers protection from future exposure, and this suggests that a preventative vaccine strategy is likely to succeed. We here review progress toward that objective. There has been ongoing research to discover a coccidioidal vaccine over the past seven decades, including one phase III clinical trial, but for reasons of either efficacy or feasibility, a safe and effective vaccine has not yet been developed. This review first summarizes the past research to develop a coccidioidal vaccine. It then details the evidence that supports a live, gene-deletion vaccine candidate as suitable for further development as both a veterinary and a human clinical product. Finally, a plausible vaccine development plan is described which would be applicable to this vaccine candidate and also useful to other future candidates. The public health and economic impact of coccidioidomycosis fully justifies a public private partnership for vaccine development, and the development of a vaccine for this orphan disease will likely require some degree of public funding.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/838coccidioidomycosislive-attenuate vaccinescellular immunitycanines |
| spellingShingle | John N. Galgiani Lisa F. Shubitz Marc J. Orbach M. Alejandra Mandel Daniel A. Powell Bruce S. Klein Edward J. Robb Mana Ohkura Devin J. Seka Thomas M. Tomasiak Thomas P. Monath Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials coccidioidomycosis live-attenuate vaccines cellular immunity canines |
| title | Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials |
| title_full | Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials |
| title_fullStr | Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials |
| title_short | Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials |
| title_sort | vaccines to prevent coccidioidomycosis a gene deletion mutant of coccidioides posadasii as a viable candidate for human trials |
| topic | coccidioidomycosis live-attenuate vaccines cellular immunity canines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/8/838 |
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