Complete second branchial fistula with associated cyst: a rare case of airway compression and respiratory distress in an infant

Abstract Introduction Branchial cleft anomalies (BCAs) are congenital defects caused by incomplete involution of the embryological branchial apparatus, presenting as cysts, sinuses, or fistulae. Complete second branchial fistulas are particularly rare. This report describes a unique case of a comple...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology
Main Author:	Gerhard Johan Klopper
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	SpringerOpen 2025-08-01
Subjects:	Branchial cleft anomalies Complete second branchial fistula Congenital neck masses Airway compression Respiratory distress
Online Access:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-025-00878-4

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