Immunodiagnosis of Human Fascioliasis: An Update of Concepts and Performances of the Serological Assays
Human Fascioliasis (HF) is a foodborne neglected parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. New epidemiological data suggest that the endemic areas of the disease are expanding and HF is being reported from areas where it was previously not observed. Diagnosis of HF is c...
| 出版年: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| 主要な著者: | , |
| フォーマット: | 論文 |
| 言語: | 英語 |
| 出版事項: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2017-06-01
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| 主題: | |
| オンライン･アクセス: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10086/26066_CE(EK)_F(RK)_PF1(RU_PG)_PFA(PG_RK).pdf |
| 要約: | Human Fascioliasis (HF) is a foodborne neglected parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. New
epidemiological data suggest that the endemic areas of the disease are expanding and HF is being reported from areas where it
was previously not observed. Diagnosis of HF is challenging. Performances of parasitological approaches, based on the detection
of parasite’s egg in the stool, are not satisfactory. Currently serological methods for the diagnosis of HF are mainly based on
detection of anti-Fasciola antibodies in serum. Although, there have been some improvement in the development of immunological
diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of HF, yet these tests suffer from insufficiency in sensitivity or/and specificity.
Detection of antigens, rather than antibodies, seems to be a suitable approach in the diagnosis of HF. Antigen can be detected
in sera or stool of the fascioliasis patients. Circulating antigen in serum disappears within a short time and most of the circulating
antigens are in immune complex forms which are not freely available to be detected. Therefore, antigenemia might not be an
appropriate method for the diagnosis of HF. Detection of antigen in stool (coproantigens) seems to be a suitable alternative method
for the diagnosis of HF. Recent data provided convincing evidence that detection of coproantigen improved and simplified the
diagnosis of HF.
The present review highlights the new achievements in designing and improvement of diagnostic approaches for the
immunodiagnosis of HF. Moreover, current status of the available immunodiagnostic techniques for the diagnosis of HF, their
strengths and weaknesses has been discussed. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |