Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel
The quality of fuel greatly affects the lifetime and smooth functioning of every petroleum engine. To pursue higher profit, kerosene is mixed with petrol and diesel by many dishonest merchants. To resist such a mixing of kerosene, a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based fuel adulteration sensor h...
| الحاوية / القاعدة: | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون الرئيسيون: | , , , |
| التنسيق: | مقال |
| اللغة: | الإنجليزية |
| منشور في: |
Elsevier
2021-12-01
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| الموضوعات: | |
| الوصول للمادة أونلاين: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821002830 |
| _version_ | 1849322232710430720 |
|---|---|
| author | Abdullah Al-Mamun Bulbul Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed Hazem M. El-Hageen Aadel M. Alatwi |
| author_facet | Abdullah Al-Mamun Bulbul Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed Hazem M. El-Hageen Aadel M. Alatwi |
| author_sort | Abdullah Al-Mamun Bulbul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| container_title | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| description | The quality of fuel greatly affects the lifetime and smooth functioning of every petroleum engine. To pursue higher profit, kerosene is mixed with petrol and diesel by many dishonest merchants. To resist such a mixing of kerosene, a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based fuel adulteration sensor has been modelled and numerically analyzed in this paper. A diverse amount of fuel adulteration can be effectively detected by the proposed sensor. The sensor exhibits negligible effective material loss in the order of 10-3 cm−1 and ultralow confinement loss in the order of 10-14 cm−1. The relative sensitivity for the proposed sensor ranges from 98.68% to 98.83% in detecting kerosene-mixed petrol at 2.5THz, whereas the sensor shows 98.83%–98.90% sensitivity in sensing kerosene-mixed diesel at the same frequency. The typical values for the optical parameters as well as simple rectangle-based PCF structures enhance the acceptability of this sensor and the possibility of fabrication exercising existing strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4e575fb8e6df4fb091ebde01fcaa93fa |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| issn | 1110-0168 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| spelling | doaj-art-4e575fb8e6df4fb091ebde01fcaa93fa2025-09-02T09:13:02ZengElsevierAlexandria Engineering Journal1110-01682021-12-016065419543010.1016/j.aej.2021.04.041Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and dieselAbdullah Al-Mamun Bulbul0Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed1Hazem M. El-Hageen2Aadel M. Alatwi3Electronics and Communication Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh; Corresponding author.Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf 32951, EgyptElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Egyptian Nuclear & Radiological Regulatory Authority, Cairo, EgyptElectrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi ArabiaThe quality of fuel greatly affects the lifetime and smooth functioning of every petroleum engine. To pursue higher profit, kerosene is mixed with petrol and diesel by many dishonest merchants. To resist such a mixing of kerosene, a novel photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based fuel adulteration sensor has been modelled and numerically analyzed in this paper. A diverse amount of fuel adulteration can be effectively detected by the proposed sensor. The sensor exhibits negligible effective material loss in the order of 10-3 cm−1 and ultralow confinement loss in the order of 10-14 cm−1. The relative sensitivity for the proposed sensor ranges from 98.68% to 98.83% in detecting kerosene-mixed petrol at 2.5THz, whereas the sensor shows 98.83%–98.90% sensitivity in sensing kerosene-mixed diesel at the same frequency. The typical values for the optical parameters as well as simple rectangle-based PCF structures enhance the acceptability of this sensor and the possibility of fabrication exercising existing strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821002830Fuel adulterationPetrolKeroseneDieselRelative sensitivityEML |
| spellingShingle | Abdullah Al-Mamun Bulbul Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed Hazem M. El-Hageen Aadel M. Alatwi Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel Fuel adulteration Petrol Kerosene Diesel Relative sensitivity EML |
| title | Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel |
| title_full | Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel |
| title_fullStr | Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel |
| title_short | Design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive PCF-based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel |
| title_sort | design and numerical analysis of an extremely sensitive pcf based sensor for detecting kerosene adulteration in petrol and diesel |
| topic | Fuel adulteration Petrol Kerosene Diesel Relative sensitivity EML |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016821002830 |
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