| Summary: | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: The prebiotic effect of resistant potato starch (RPS) has been demonstrated, but the antioxidant properties associated with this ingredient have not been explored. <b>Methods</b>: We performed post hoc analysis of serum metabolomic data from a clinical trial evaluating 3.5 g RPS per day consumption (<i>n</i> = 24) versus a placebo (<i>n</i> = 24) for 4 weeks in a randomized clinical trial (NCT05242913). <b>Results</b>: Levels of the exogenous antioxidants all-trans retinol and α-tocopherol increased in the RPS-consuming group. Among endogenous antioxidants, the concentration of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) increased in both treatment groups, while uric acid was unaffected. Hippuric acid, a marker of polyphenol metabolism, was unaffected by treatment, as was the abundance of the tryptophan metabolites kynurenine and 3-hydroxyanthranillic acid. However, levels of 3-hydroxykynurenine were decreased in both treatment groups. Levels of the advanced glycation end products NƐ-(1-carboxymethyl)-L-lysine and NƐ-(1-carboxyethyl)-L-lysine, markers of chronically elevated oxidative stress, were unaffected by treatment. Notably, increases in serum all-trans retinol were correlated with increases in <i>Akkermansia</i>. <b>Conclusions</b>: RPS enhances the absorption of antioxidants all-trans retinol and α-tocopherol from the diet and also influences CoQ10 levels and tryptophan metabolism. Future studies assessing the physiological consequences of enhanced antioxidant absorption in people consuming RPS over a longer duration are warranted.
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