Current status of schistosomiasis in school-aged children in Mwanga district, Tanzania: impact of two decades of annual Mass Drug Administration programme

• 出版年: Parasitology
• 主要な著者: Jeremia J. Pyuza, Brice Meulah, Pytsje T. Hoekstra, Noel Mdende, Elizabeth Mvilli, Lisette van Lieshout, Stan T. Hilt, Paul L. A. M. Corstjens, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, Sia E. Msuya, Govert J. van Dam
• フォーマット: 論文
• 言語: 英語
• 出版事項: Cambridge University Press
• 主題: diagnosis; microhaematuria dipstick; microscopy; Mwanga; POC-CCA; schistosomiasis; school-aged children; Tanzania; UCP-LF CAA
• オンライン･アクセス: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0031182024001045/type/journal_article
• ISSN: 0031-1820; 1469-8161

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease with significant health implications, particularly among children. A cross-sectional study was conducted among school-aged children (SAC) in Mwanga district, Tanzania, a region known to be co-endemic for S. haematobium and S. mansoni infection and where annual mass drug administration (MDA) has been conducted for 20 years. In total, 576 SAC from 5 schools provided a urine sample for the detection of Schistosoma circulating anodic antigen using the upconverting particle-based lateral flow (UCP-LF CAA) test. Additionally, the potential of the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) and microhaematuria dipstick test as field-applicable diagnostic alternatives for schistosomiasis were assessed and the prevalence outcome compared to UCP-LF CAA. Risk factors associated with schistosomiasis was assessed based on UCP-LF CAA. The UCP-LF CAA test revealed an overall schistosomiasis prevalence of 20.3%, compared to 65.3% based on a combination of POC-CCA and microhaematuria dipstick. No agreement was observed between the combined POC tests and UCP-LF CAA. Factors associated with schistosomiasis included age (5–10 years), involvement in fishing, farming, swimming activities and attending 2 of the 5 primary schools. Our findings suggest a significant progress in infection control in Mwanga district due to annual MDA, although not enough to interrupt transmission. Accurate diagnostics play a crucial role in monitoring intervention measures to effectively combat schistosomiasis.