| Summary: | The ability to monitor and analyze human motion has become increasingly critical across various fields, from healthcare to sports science. Among emerging sensing technologies, mechanoluminescent (ML) sensors have demonstrated unique advantages through their ability to convert mechanical energy directly into visible light emission without external power sources. This review comprehensively examines recent advances in ML sensors for human motion monitoring, focusing on material development, device architectures, and practical applications. We analyze the fundamental mechanisms of mechanoluminescence, including elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and friction-induced luminescence, which form the theoretical foundation for sensor design. The review details significant progress in developing high-performance ML materials, ranging from traditional inorganic compounds like ZnS:Cu and SrAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Dy³ ⁺ to novel organic systems and composite materials. We explore innovative device architectures and fabrication strategies that have enabled the creation of flexible, wearable sensors capable of detecting both subtle physiological movements and larger-scale motions. The integration of ML sensors with various substrate materials and their implementation in practical applications, such as healthcare monitoring and human-machine interfaces, are discussed in detail. While highlighting the remarkable progress in this field, we also address current challenges, including sensitivity optimization, signal processing, and long-term stability, providing insights into future research directions for advancing ML sensor technology in human motion monitoring applications.
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