| الملخص: | The use of solar photovoltaic systems for power generation requires efficient battery energy storage systems to ensure a steady and constant supply for self-sufficient power generation and off-grid areas. “Vision 2030” is Saudi Arabia’s strategy for reducing the country’s dependence on oil by 50% through investment in clean, renewable resources by 2030. This paper reviews the latest advancements in battery technologies designed for solar photovoltaic panels through a detailed comparative analysis of performance, energy storage capacity, efficiency, lifespan, cost, safety, and environmental impact for residential applications in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and those available in the United States of America. The performance of the advanced lithium-ion battery technology available in the USA surpasses that in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The findings underscore the need for investments by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in advanced battery manufacturing technologies to improve the availability of different battery types and capacities and achieve the objectives outlined in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.
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