| Summary: | Based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics-finite element method (SPH-FEM), a dynamic interaction model of debris flow, comprising both slurry and boulders as well as impacting a double-column bridge pier, is constructed to study the dynamic response characteristics of the piers under boulder-laden debris flow impacts. The dynamic behavior of double-column bridge pier under debris flow impact is analyzed from the perspectives of debris flow impact characteristics, structural strain of the bridge pier, and time histories of impact forces, aiming to explore the influence of different debris flow characteristics on the damage mechanisms of the pier under disaster conditions. The analysis results show that: the proposed method can effectively simulate the entire process of debris flow impact, including bypassing around the pier and flowing downstream. A significant bypassing phenomenon occurs at the pier bottom under mud slurry impact, with the upstream columns subjected to substantially higher impact forces compared to the downstream ones; the bottom of the bridge pier impacted by the blocks of stone to withstand a greater transverse impact, resulting in large strains, and even the concrete falls off; the pier impact and the impact of the flow of debris flow velocity and the diameter of the debris flow are positively correlated; the impact force of the debris flow on the bridge pier is much larger than that of the slurry only, which is the primary cause of structural damage to the bridge pier. The research findings contribute to understanding the impact-induced failure mechanisms in double-column bridge piers within debris flow-prone areas and provide a scientific guidance for their impact-resistant structural design.
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