The Mechanism of PEDV-Carrying CD3⁺ T Cells Migrate into the Intestinal Mucosa of Neonatal Piglets

• Published in: Viruses
• Main Authors: Chen Yuan, Yuchen Li, En Zhang, Yuxin Jin, Qian Yang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-03-01
• Subjects: PEDV; CD3⁺ T cells; neonatal piglets; intranasal inoculation
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/3/469

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) can cause intestinal infection in neonatal piglets through the nasal cavity. A process in which CD3⁺ T cells carry PEDV plays a key role. However, the modes through which PEDV bridles CD3⁺ T cells as a vehicle for migration to the intestinal epithelium have not been clarified. In this study, we first demonstrated that PEDV could survive in blood-derived CD3⁺ T cells for several hours, depending on the multiplicity of infection. In addition, PEDV preferentially survived in CD4⁺ T cells over CD8⁺ T cells. Moreover, viral transmission was mediated by cell-to-cell contact between mesenteric lymph-node-derived CD3⁺ T cells, but did not occur in blood-derived CD3⁺ T cells. Following an increase in gut-homing integrin α4β7, blood-derived CD3⁺ T cells carrying PEDV migrated to the intestines via blood circulation and transferred the virus to intestinal epithelial cells through cell-to-cell contact in neonatal piglets. Our findings have significant implications for understanding PEDV pathogenesis in neonatal piglets, which is essential for developing innovative therapies to prevent PEDV infection.