| 總結: | <i>Tetrastigma hemsleyanum</i> Diels et Gilg (<i>T. hemsleyanum</i>) is an extensively used Chinese folk herb with multiple bioactivities. Among these bioactivities, flavonoids are recognized as the representative active ingredients. We previously found an elevated accumulation of flavonoids in <i>T. hemsleyanum</i> under water stress; however, the mechanism remains unclear. R2R3-MYB transcription factors play vital roles in the plant response to environmental stress and the regulation of secondary metabolites. Herein, a systematic transcriptome identification of <i>R2R3-MYB</i> family genes under water stress in <i>T. hemsleyanum</i> was performed to explore their potential function in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. A total of 26 <i>R2R3-MYB</i> genes were identified, most of which were clustered into functional branches of abiotic stress. <i>ThMYB4</i> and <i>ThMYB7</i> were then screened out to be associated with the biosynthesis of flavonoids through a protein-protein interaction prediction. An expression correlation analysis based on RNA-seq further confirmed that <i>ThMYB4</i> and <i>ThMYB7</i> were positively related to the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway genes of <i>T. hemsleyanum</i>. In <i>ThMYB4</i>- and <i>ThMYB7</i>-overexpression hairy roots, it was found that the expression of <i>ThCHS</i> and <i>ThCHI</i> was significantly increased, suggesting that <i>ThMYB4</i> and <i>ThMYB7</i> may act as regulators in flavonoid biosynthesis. This will shed new light on the promotion of flavonoid production and the medicinal value of <i>T. hemsleyanum</i> by manipulating transcription factors.
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