| Summary: | Abstract Background Rottlerin is a natural polyphenolic compound obtained from dried ripe fruits of Mallotus philippinensis and is primarily used as a PKCδ inhibitor. The effectiveness of rottlerin was checked in the endotoxin-induced glaucoma models, focusing on its impact on intraocular pressure, inflammation, and optic nerve protection. For this study, both pure and extracted rottlerin were used. Extracted rottlerin was characterised by determining its melting point, conducting gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, Nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and measuring its wavelength and retardation factor. The acute toxicity study was carried out using Organization for Economic Co-operation and development guideline 405 (acute eye irritation test). Result Pure and extracted rottlerin showed decreased intraocular pressure and reduced inflammation, lenticular opacity, and retinal damage. These results are attributed to an increase in antioxidant levels, maintenance of lipid peroxidation, enzyme level (Na+ ATPase, K+ ATPase), ionic balance (Na+, K+), and a decrease in the level of nitric oxide. Conclusion Rottlerin (pure) as well as rottlerin (extracted) has demonstrated potential in managing uveitic glaucoma. Its multifaceted mechanisms not only target inflammation and oxidative stress but also promote tissue regeneration and slow disease progression. This makes rottlerin a promising candidate for further clinical research as a potential treatment for uveitic glaucoma.
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