JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere
<p>To improve the accuracy and precision of in situ water vapor measurements from aircraft, a new opto-mechanical design was implemented on the JPL Laser Hygrometer Mark2. The first JPL Laser Hygrometer (JLH Mark1), originally developed in mid-1990s, provided airborne in situ water vapor measu...
| Published in: | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2025-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/18/4593/2025/amt-18-4593-2025.pdf |
| _version_ | 1849027476458569728 |
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| author | R. L. Herman R. F. Troy R. F. Troy K. M. Aaron I. Sanders K. Schwarm J. E. Klobas A. Swanson A. Carpenter S. Ozog K. Chin L. E. Christensen D. Fu R. F. Jarnot R. A. Stachnik R. Vasudev |
| author_facet | R. L. Herman R. F. Troy R. F. Troy K. M. Aaron I. Sanders K. Schwarm J. E. Klobas A. Swanson A. Carpenter S. Ozog K. Chin L. E. Christensen D. Fu R. F. Jarnot R. A. Stachnik R. Vasudev |
| author_sort | R. L. Herman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| container_title | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| description | <p>To improve the accuracy and precision of in situ water vapor measurements from aircraft, a new opto-mechanical design was implemented on the JPL Laser Hygrometer Mark2. The first JPL Laser Hygrometer (JLH Mark1), originally developed in mid-1990s, provided airborne in situ water vapor measurements for fifteen years from several platforms, including the NASA ER-2 and WB-57 aircraft. Due to heavy use over the years and aging of the instrument parts, many of the components in JLH Mark1 have been modified and replaced. This instrument paper reports on the redesigned opto-mechanical structure of the instrument, new data retrieval algorithms, and updated data analysis procedures, along with recent laboratory and field performance and a comparison with another water vapor instrument. Key changes in the redesigned instrument have significantly improved the performance, as demonstrated during the NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC<span class="inline-formula"><sup>4</sup></span>RS) field mission and eight years of subsequent science flights on the Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Flying Test Bed (FTB).</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-cfff41e7df8d4aa0ac71a4f3ac856493 |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| issn | 1867-1381 1867-8548 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| spelling | doaj-art-cfff41e7df8d4aa0ac71a4f3ac8564932025-09-18T08:08:44ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Measurement Techniques1867-13811867-85482025-09-01184593461010.5194/amt-18-4593-2025JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower StratosphereR. L. Herman0R. F. Troy1R. F. Troy2K. M. Aaron3I. Sanders4K. Schwarm5J. E. Klobas6A. Swanson7A. Carpenter8S. Ozog9K. Chin10L. E. Christensen11D. Fu12R. F. Jarnot13R. A. Stachnik14R. Vasudev15Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USARobert Troy Engineering, West Hills, California, 91307, USAformerly at: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAAeronautics Systems, Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, Redondo Beach, California, 90278, USAAeronautics Systems, Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, Redondo Beach, California, 90278, USAAeronautics Systems, Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, Redondo Beach, California, 90278, USAAeronautics Systems, Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, Redondo Beach, California, 90278, USAformerly at: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAformerly at: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, 91109, USAformerly at: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, 91109, USA<p>To improve the accuracy and precision of in situ water vapor measurements from aircraft, a new opto-mechanical design was implemented on the JPL Laser Hygrometer Mark2. The first JPL Laser Hygrometer (JLH Mark1), originally developed in mid-1990s, provided airborne in situ water vapor measurements for fifteen years from several platforms, including the NASA ER-2 and WB-57 aircraft. Due to heavy use over the years and aging of the instrument parts, many of the components in JLH Mark1 have been modified and replaced. This instrument paper reports on the redesigned opto-mechanical structure of the instrument, new data retrieval algorithms, and updated data analysis procedures, along with recent laboratory and field performance and a comparison with another water vapor instrument. Key changes in the redesigned instrument have significantly improved the performance, as demonstrated during the NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC<span class="inline-formula"><sup>4</sup></span>RS) field mission and eight years of subsequent science flights on the Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Flying Test Bed (FTB).</p>https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/18/4593/2025/amt-18-4593-2025.pdf |
| spellingShingle | R. L. Herman R. F. Troy R. F. Troy K. M. Aaron I. Sanders K. Schwarm J. E. Klobas A. Swanson A. Carpenter S. Ozog K. Chin L. E. Christensen D. Fu R. F. Jarnot R. A. Stachnik R. Vasudev JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere |
| title | JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere |
| title_full | JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere |
| title_fullStr | JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere |
| title_short | JLH Mark2 – An Improved Opto-Mechanical Approach to Open-Path in situ Water Vapor Measurement in the Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere |
| title_sort | jlh mark2 an improved opto mechanical approach to open path in situ water vapor measurement in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere |
| url | https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/18/4593/2025/amt-18-4593-2025.pdf |
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