Relative Strength Does Not Influence the Sticking Region Among Recreational Trained Participants in Squat

• Published in: Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
• Main Authors: Alexander Olsen, Vidar Andersen, Atle Hole Saeterbakken
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2025-08-01
• Subjects: kinematics; resistance exercise; maximal strength; biomechanics; repetition maximum
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/10/3/321

<b>Objectives</b>: The barbell back squat is one of the most frequently used exercises to improve lower-body strength and power. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of relative strength on the kinematics in the barbell back squat to a 90-degree angle. <b>Methods</b>: Forty-six recreationally trained men completed five familiarization sessions over three weeks to ensure proper lifting technique. The participants were tested in a ten-repetition maximum (10 RM), during which barbell velocity, acceleration, vertical displacement, and the time of the pre-sticking, sticking, and post-sticking regions were measured. The participants were then categorized into two groups: (1) the above-median group or (2) the below-median group, to examine whether kinematics were affected by relative strength (10 RM load/body weight). <b>Results</b>: The below-median group had a relative strength of 1.37, whereas the above-median group had a relative strength of 1.76. There was a 5.86% non-statistical difference (<i>p</i> = 0.052) in vertical barbell displacement between the groups. There were no significant differences between the groups in barbell velocity or lifting time for the whole movement nor differences between the groups for any of the kinematic variables in the pre-sticking, sticking, or post-sticking regions. When combining the data from the two groups, there was a significant weak negative correlation between relative strength and barbell displacement throughout the whole movement. <b>Conclusions</b>: These findings suggest that distinct levels of relative strength may not influence lifting kinematics in 90-degree back squats among recreationally trained participants.