| Summary: | Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic neurological disorders characterized by the progressive loss of neurons, severely affecting patients' cognition, memory, and motor functions. However, existing therapies struggle to reverse the disease course. This study utilized BV2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans models to induce neuronal damage through chemical agents, exploring the neuroprotective effects of Chlorella pyrenoidosa peptides (CPP). CPP reduced ROS levels, increased the activity of GSH,SOD and CAT in cells and nematodes, as well as reduced NO, TNF-α, IL-6 content in cells. Additionally, it elevated the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells and reduced cell apoptosis, and enhanced cellular lysosomal activity. Furthermore, CPP reduced Aβ deposition and mitigated the neurotoxicity induced by enhancing memory and chemotaxis, decreasing AchE levels and sensitivity to 5-HT. CPP upregulated the expression of genes such as ced-9, sir-2.1, and daf-16 while downregulating ced-4, ced-3 expressions, suggesting that their neuroprotection might involve regulating immune-related, stress-resistant, and anti-apoptotic genes.
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