| Summary: | Climate change-induced temperature rise significantly influences the photosynthesis and geographic distribution patterns of temperate forests. Quercus species are pivotal components of temperate forests, yet their photosynthetic performance and distribution under warming conditions remain insufficiently studied. This paper focuses on Quercus liaotungensis, Q. coccinea, and Q. rubra, investigating their photosynthetic system's adaptability to high temperature at both canopy and leaf levels and its influence on geographic distribution patterns. The results were as follows:(1)Significant variation in high-temperature adaptability among the three Quercus species, which directly impacted their geographic distribution patterns.(2)At the canopy level, Q. liaotungensis exhibited stronger photosynthetic capacity under high temperature, indicating robust adaptability to high temperatures.(3)At the leaf level, its photosystem Ⅱ(PS Ⅱ)showed enhanced stability under high temperature, particularly in the electron transfer chain from PS Ⅱ to photosystem Ⅰ(PS Ⅰ). In contrast, Q. coccinea and Q. rubra demonstrated weaker adaptability to high temperature, with significant declines in photochemical activity under high temperature. Overall, the high-temperature response mechanisms of three Quercus species determine their temperature adaptability, thereby influencing their geographic distribution patterns. This study offers a novel perspective on predicting changes in the distribution patterns of Quercus species under climate change, emphasizing the critical role of photosynthesis in species adaptability and its theoretical significance for the evolution of temperate forest ecosystems and forest management.
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