High-Sensitivity pH Sensor Based on Coplanar Gate AlGaN/GaN Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High Electron Mobility Transistor

• Published in: Chemosensors
• Main Authors: Seong-Kun Cho, Won-Ju Cho
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
• Subjects: AlGaN/GaN MOS HEMT; coplanar gate; resistive coupling; pH sensor
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/9/3/42

The sensitivity of conventional ion-sensitive field-effect transistors is limited to the Nernst limit (59.14 mV/pH). In this study, we developed a pH sensor platform based on a coplanar gate AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) using the resistive coupling effect to overcome the Nernst limit. For resistive coupling, a coplanar gate comprising a control gate (CG) and a sensing gate (SG) was designed. We investigated the amplification of the pH sensitivity with the change in the magnitude of a resistance connected in series to each CG and SG via Silvaco TCAD simulations. In addition, a disposable extended gate was applied as a cost-effective sensor platform that helped prevent damages due to direct exposure of the AlGaN/GaN MOS HEMT to chemical solutions. The pH sensor based on the coplanar gate AlGaN/GaN MOS HEMT exhibited a pH sensitivity considerably higher than the Nernst limit, dependent on the ratio of the series resistance connected to the CG and SG, as well as excellent reliability and stability with non-ideal behavior. The pH sensor developed in this study is expected to be readily integrated with wide transmission bandwidth, high temperature, and high-power electronics as a highly sensitive biosensor platform.