| Summary: | The occurrences of skin cancers and malignant diseases jeopardize human health. To study the changes of subcutaneous structure of skin cancer tissue in vitro and monitor the dynamics of skin cancer development in skin structure, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to scan the skin tissue of basal cell carcinoma in vitro and to establish the model of dorsal skin fold window chamber (DSFC) melanoma in nude mouse. One dimensional scanning signal, two dimensional tomographic image and three dimensional structural image of the skin sample were obtained by tomographic scanning and imaging reconstruction of the subcutaneous structure of the lesion tissue. Comparative analysis showed no significant change presented in the external morphology of the skin of basal cell carcinoma. There was non-scattered signal area in the internal tissue. Two-dimensional tomographic images showed an elliptically black-nest lesion located in the subepidermal area of the skin with about 155.972 μm in length and 150.192 μm in width. Meanwhile, the DSFC melanoma with tomographic imaging model was consecutively observed for 11 days. It showed that tumor bulges appeared on the skin surface and subcutaneous capillaries became clear with the proliferation of melanoma cells. In the two dimensional OCT image, the penetrating depth of the laser beam decreased with the depth of tomography at different time after tumor implantation attenuates, but the OCT signal from the skin layer enhanced due to the strong scattering effect. It is probably caused by the generation of melanoma and its continuous invading upwards. The results show that the internal morphology of the skin tissue of basal cell carcinoma in vitro has changed, and black lesion region without any OCT signal appeared. The dynamic development of melanoma in nude mouse in vivo has an impact on skin tissue, varied morphological form in the skin layer at different time periods is revealed by OCT images. The study provides the promising support in image and data basis for the diagnosis and treatment of basal cell carcinoma. At the same time, dynamic monitoring of melanoma process is also of great significance for the study of skin cancer pathological process.
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