Optimizing Hot-Work Tool Steel Microstructure for Enhanced Toughness

Hot-work tool steels play a crucial role in applications exposed to extreme thermal, mechanical, and chemical stresses and require exceptional properties such as high strength, hardness, wear resistance, and toughness. The latter is crucial to prevent an unexpected tool failure due to the formation...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Crystals
Main Authors:	Anže Bajželj, Tilen Balaško, Barbara Šetina Batič, Jaka Burja
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2023-12-01
Subjects:	hot-work tool steel austempering bainitic transformation lower bainite impact toughness
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/14/1/26

Similar Items

Microstructural evolution and ultra-high impact toughness of austempered lamellar bainitic steel far below Ms temperature
by: Kun Wang, et al.
Published: (2023-05-01)

Effect of Austempering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of M50 Bearing Steel
by: Y. Su, et al.
Published: (2022-09-01)

Microstructure and crack resistance of low carbon Cr-Ni and Cr-Ni-W steel after austempering
by: Avdjieva Tatyana, et al.
Published: (2013-09-01)

Microstructure and impact toughness of hot rolled and tempered low carbon bainitic steel AH80DB
by: ZHAO Lei-chao, et al.
Published: (2016-03-01)

Nanocrystalline Steels’ Resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement
by: Skołek E., et al.
Published: (2015-04-01)

Effect of refined multi-scale microstructures on the ultra-high impact toughness of bainitic steel austempered below Ms temperature
by: Kun Wang, et al.
Published: (2023-09-01)

Impact Toughness of Spring Steel after Bainite and Martensite Transformation
by: Min-Soo Suh, et al.
Published: (2022-02-01)

Mechanical characteristics evaluation of dual phase and related hardening techniques on AISI 4340 steel
by: Sathyashankara Sharma, et al.
Published: (2018-12-01)

Study of the Effect of Multiple Tempering on the Impact Toughness of Forged S690 Structural Steel
by: Luca Pezzato, et al.
Published: (2020-04-01)

Influence of Austenitisation Temperature and Time on Martensitic and Isothermal Bainite Phase Transformation of Spring Steel
by: Anže Bajželj, et al.
Published: (2022-08-01)

Effect of austempering temperature on the microstructure evolution of ultrafine bainite steel
by: WU Hui-bin, et al.
Published: (2016-12-01)

The Application of Acoustic Emission and Artificial Neural Networks in an Analysis of Kinetics in the Phase Transformation of Tool Steel During Austempering
by: Łazarska M., et al.
Published: (2017-06-01)

Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties during tempering of M50 steel with Bainite/Martensite duplex structure
by: Feng Wang, et al.
Published: (2020-05-01)

New insights into the effects of deformation below-MS on isothermal kinetics of bainitic transformation
by: Haijiang Hu, et al.
Published: (2020-11-01)

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of M50 Steel by Combining Cold Rolling with Austempering
by: Dongsheng Qian, et al.
Published: (2020-03-01)

Charpy notch toughness and hardness of reheated martensite and lower bainite
by: F. Vodopivec, et al.
Published: (2010-07-01)

Microstructural evolution and strength-toughness behavior of fire-resistant steel under thermo-mechanical controlled processing
by: Hyungkwon Park, et al.
Published: (2025-07-01)

Insight into the Role of Mo Content on the Microstructure and Impact Toughness of X80 Thick-Walled Low-Temperature Pipeline Steel
by: Jinxing Jiang, et al.
Published: (2023-08-01)

Effects of austempering on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high-strength nanostructured bainitic steel containing 3.5 wt% aluminum
by: Javad Behzadifar, et al.
Published: (2024-03-01)

Effect of cooling rate after isothermal stage of vacuum austempering on microstructure and hardness of M50 bearing steel
by: Yong Su, et al.
Published: (2023-09-01)

Optimization of alloying element types and contents in high strength and high toughness bainitic steels
by: Ranran Zhu, et al.
Published: (2025-01-01)

Effect of Austempering Time on the Microstructure and Carbon Partitioning of Ultrahigh Strength Steel 56NiCrMoV7
by: Quanshun Luo, et al.
Published: (2017-07-01)

The Effects of Prior Austenite Grain Refinement on Strength and Toughness of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel
by: Xiucheng Li, et al.
Published: (2021-12-01)

Experimental and Modelling Research on the Effect of Prior Ferrite on Bainitic Transformation in Medium-Carbon Bainitic Steel
by: Xinpan Yu, et al.
Published: (2024-05-01)

An Industrial-Scale Study of the Hardness and Microstructural Effects of Isothermal Heat Treatment Parameters on EN 100CrMo7 Bearing Steel
by: Annalisa Fortini, et al.
Published: (2024-01-01)

Achieving ultrafine martensite-bainite duplex microstructures by combining prior cold deformation with chronological control of phase transformation in GCr15 bearing steel
by: Xiaohui Lu, et al.
Published: (2025-05-01)

VHCF, Tribology Characteristics and UNSM Effects of Bainite and Martensite Spring Steels
by: Min Soo Suh, et al.
Published: (2022-05-01)

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cast and Hot-Rolled Medium-Carbon Steels under Isothermal Heat-Treatment Conditions
by: Byungsue Shin, et al.
Published: (2021-12-01)

Development of Nanobainitic Microstructures in Carbo-Austempered Cast Steels: Heat Treatment, Microstructure and Properties
by: Oscar Ríos-Diez, et al.
Published: (2020-05-01)

Effect of Chromium on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Dip Galvanized Dual-Phase (DP980) Steel
by: Xuefei Chen, et al.
Published: (2023-08-01)

Bainite transformation behavior, microstructural feature and mechanical properties of nanostructured bainitic steel subjected to ausforming with different strain
by: Hui Guo, et al.
Published: (2020-07-01)

Progress on effects of alloying elements on bainite formation and strength and toughness of high strength steel weld metal
by: Tianli Zhang, et al.
Published: (2021-01-01)

Effect of Austempering on Mechanical Properties of Nb/V Microalloyed Bainitic Bearing Steel
by: Yanhui Wang, et al.
Published: (2022-07-01)

Effect of rare earth elements on microstructure and mechanical properties of bainite/martensite bearing steel
by: Zan Li, et al.
Published: (2023-01-01)

Microstructure and Properties of Spot Welded Joints of Hot-Stamped Ultra-High Strength Steel Used for Automotive Body Structures
by: Zhixia Qiao, et al.
Published: (2019-03-01)

Interrelation between the microstructure and impact toughness of the interface of welded joints of 32HGMA and 40HN2MA steels produced by rotary friction welding
by: Elena Yu. Priymak, et al.
Published: (2025-06-01)

Effect of austempering temperature on microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and wear resistance of carbon-free nano-bainite steel
by: Enmao Wang, et al.
Published: (2023-09-01)

Improvement of the fatigue crack growth resistance in AISI 4140 steel under single- and multi-austempering heat treatments
by: M. Badaruddin, et al.
Published: (2024-03-01)

Enhancement of Balance in Strength, Ductility, and Stretch Flangeability by Two-Step Austempering in a 1000 MPa Grade Cold Rolled Bainitic Steel
by: Shuai Tang, et al.
Published: (2021-01-01)

Improving Strength-Ductility via Short Austenitization in a Low-Carbon Carbide-Free Bainitic Steel
by: Jianhua Li, et al.
Published: (2022-11-01)