Psychometric Properties of the Caring Behaviors Inventory-16 in Ethiopia

• Published in: Nursing Reports
• Main Authors: Abebaw Jember Ferede, Kerstin Erlandsson, Lemma Derseh Gezie, Biftu Geda, Lena Wettergren
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2022-05-01
• Subjects: Amharic; nursing care; caring behaviors inventory-16; cultural adaptation; Ethiopia; nurse caring behaviors
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4403/12/2/37

<i>Background:</i> The Caring Behaviors Inventory-16 (CBI-16) is a comprehensive instrument measuring caring behaviors as experienced by patients. The study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the CBI-16 among adult patients who speak the Amharic language. <i>Methods:</i> The measure was completed by 304 hospitalized patients. Construct validity was evaluated via exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and contrasted groups’ validity. Total CBI-16 scores were compared between groups that differed in self-rated satisfaction with care (Patient Satisfaction Instrument) to examine the contrasted groups’ validity. Reliability was assessed using internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha). <i>Results:</i> The EFA suggested a four-factor model accounting for 66.1% of the total variance. The items loaded onto the subscales were similar to the CBI-24. The CFA supported the four-factor model with acceptable fit indices: normed Chi-square value 2.65 (<i>X</i>² = 259.60, df = 98), SRMR = 0.06, and RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.88 and TLI = 0.86. The contrasted groups’ validity was supported by significantly higher CBI-16 scores reported by patients more satisfied with their care (t = 3.66, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The reliability of the instrument was satisfactory (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83). <i>Conclusions:</i> The Amharic version of the CBI-16 displayed a four-factor solution and was shown to be a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of the perceptions of caring behaviors in Ethiopia.