Opposite Responses of Interferon and Proinflammatory Cytokines Induced by Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Macrophages

Macrophages are a principal pulmonary source of type I and III interferons (IFNs), initiating and coordinating the early antiviral response to respiratory viral infections. Yet the contribution of macrophage-derived IFNs to host defense during human metapneumovirus (HMPV) infection remains poorly de...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Pathogens
Main Authors:	Iván Martínez-Espinoza, Antonieta Guerrero-Plata
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Subjects:	HMPV RSV macrophages MDMs proinflammatory innate immunity
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/14/7/694

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