Hand, foot and mouth disease and herpangina caused by enterovirus A71 infections: a review of enterovirus A71 molecular epidemiology, pathogenesis, and current vaccine development

• Published in: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
• Main Authors: Yu-Kang Chang, Kou-Huang Chen, Kow-Tong Chen
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universidade de São Paulo (USP) 2018-11-01
• Subjects: Hand, foot and mouth disease; Herpangina; Enterovirus A71; Vaccine
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0036-46652018005000402&lng=en&tlng=en

ABSTRACT Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) infections are one of the main etiological agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina worldwide. EV-A71 infection is a life-threatening communicable disease and there is an urgent global need for the development of vaccines for its prevention and control. The morbidity rate of EV-A71 infection differs between countries. The pathogen’s genetic lineages are undergoing rapid evolutionary changes. An association between the occurrence of EV-A71 infection and the circulation of different genetic strains of EV-A71 virus has been identified around the world. In this review, we present and discuss the molecular epidemiology and pathogenesis of the human disease caused by EV-A71 infection, as well as current prospects for the development of an EV-A71 vaccine.