Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel
Most studies of ritual and symbolism in early complex societies of the Near East have focused on elite and/or public behavioural domains. However, the vast bulk of the population would not have been able to fully participate in such public displays. This paper explores the zooarchaeological and asso...
| 發表在: | Animals |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
| 格式: | Article |
| 語言: | 英语 |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| 在線閱讀: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/15/1931 |
| _version_ | 1850340681759850496 |
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| author | Haskel J. Greenfield Jon Ross Tina L. Greenfield Shira Albaz Sarah J. Richardson Aren M. Maeir |
| author_facet | Haskel J. Greenfield Jon Ross Tina L. Greenfield Shira Albaz Sarah J. Richardson Aren M. Maeir |
| author_sort | Haskel J. Greenfield |
| collection | DOAJ |
| container_title | Animals |
| description | Most studies of ritual and symbolism in early complex societies of the Near East have focused on elite and/or public behavioural domains. However, the vast bulk of the population would not have been able to fully participate in such public displays. This paper explores the zooarchaeological and associated archaeological evidence for household rituals in lower-stratum residences in the Early Bronze Age (EB) of the southern Levant. Data from the EB III (c. 2850–2550 BCE) deposits excavated at the site of Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel, are illustrative of the difficulty in identifying the nature of household rituals. An integrated analytical approach to the architecture, figurines, foundation deposits, and domestic donkey burials found in lower-stratum domestic residences provides insights into the nature of household rituals. This integrated contextual perspective allows the sacred and symbolic role(s) of each to be understood and their importance for EB urban society to be evaluated. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ffbaf36d5618422ca11ef78d8a0eaeeb |
| institution | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| spelling | doaj-art-ffbaf36d5618422ca11ef78d8a0eaeeb2025-08-19T23:14:29ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-07-011215193110.3390/ani12151931Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, IsraelHaskel J. Greenfield0Jon Ross1Tina L. Greenfield2Shira Albaz3Sarah J. Richardson4Aren M. Maeir5Department of Anthropology, St. Paul’s College, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M6, CanadaDepartment of Land of Israel Studies and Archaeology, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, IsraelDepartment of Anthropology, St. Paul’s College, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M6, CanadaMartin (Szusz) Department of Land of Israel Studies and Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, IsraelDepartment of Anthropology, St. Paul’s College, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M6, CanadaMartin (Szusz) Department of Land of Israel Studies and Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, IsraelMost studies of ritual and symbolism in early complex societies of the Near East have focused on elite and/or public behavioural domains. However, the vast bulk of the population would not have been able to fully participate in such public displays. This paper explores the zooarchaeological and associated archaeological evidence for household rituals in lower-stratum residences in the Early Bronze Age (EB) of the southern Levant. Data from the EB III (c. 2850–2550 BCE) deposits excavated at the site of Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel, are illustrative of the difficulty in identifying the nature of household rituals. An integrated analytical approach to the architecture, figurines, foundation deposits, and domestic donkey burials found in lower-stratum domestic residences provides insights into the nature of household rituals. This integrated contextual perspective allows the sacred and symbolic role(s) of each to be understood and their importance for EB urban society to be evaluated.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/15/1931ritualsacrificeEarly Bronze Agesouthern LevantNear Eastzooarchaeology |
| spellingShingle | Haskel J. Greenfield Jon Ross Tina L. Greenfield Shira Albaz Sarah J. Richardson Aren M. Maeir Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel ritual sacrifice Early Bronze Age southern Levant Near East zooarchaeology |
| title | Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel |
| title_full | Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel |
| title_fullStr | Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel |
| title_short | Household Rituals and Merchant Caravanners: The Phenomenon of Early Bronze Age Donkey Burials from Tell eṣ-Ṣâfi/Gath, Israel |
| title_sort | household rituals and merchant caravanners the phenomenon of early bronze age donkey burials from tell es safi gath israel |
| topic | ritual sacrifice Early Bronze Age southern Levant Near East zooarchaeology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/15/1931 |
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