Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study

Introduction Smokers with airway obstruction are at a higher risk of lung cancer than smokers without airway obstruction. Inflammation plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. This single-center study prospectively assessed (i) the relationship between smoking exposure and the loss of forced expirat...

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Main Authors: Siegfried Wieshammer, Jens Dreyhaupt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: European Publishing 2017-03-01
Series:Tobacco Induced Diseases
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Smoking-exposure-loss-of-forced-expiratory-volume-in-one-second-and-the-risk-of-lung-cancer-among-patients-with-malignant-disease-who-present-with-cardiac-or-pulmonary-symptoms-a-cross-sectional-study,69732,0,2.html
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spelling doaj-2e51b581edbc4271890220590ced12c22020-11-24T23:08:17ZengEuropean PublishingTobacco Induced Diseases1617-96252017-03-0115March10.1186/s12971-017-0122-269732Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional studySiegfried Wieshammer0Jens Dreyhaupt1Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Offenburg Hospital, Offenburg, GermanyInstitute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, GermanyIntroduction Smokers with airway obstruction are at a higher risk of lung cancer than smokers without airway obstruction. Inflammation plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. This single-center study prospectively assessed (i) the relationship between smoking exposure and the loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in determining lung cancer risk and (ii) the effect of lung cancer on systemic inflammation. Material and Methods The study group comprised 475 consecutively enrolled patients with cancer who presented with pulmonary or cardiac symptoms. The effects of smoking exposure and FEV1 loss on the predicted lung cancer risk were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a marker of inflammation. Results The prevalence of lung cancer was 0.23. The lung cancer risk increased with the number of pack years and FEV1 loss (p < 0.01). Moving from the 5th (−22% of the predicted value) to the 95th percentile of FEV1 loss (56% of the predicted value) increased lung cancer risk from 0.07 to 0.23 (Δ = 0.16) at 0 pack years and from 0.39 to 0.73 (Δ = 0.34) at 70 pack years (95th percentile). The values for Δ peaked at 61 pack years (0.34) and then decreased with a further increase in smoking exposure, without reaching the zero mark. Patients with lung cancer were more likely to have a CRP level above the median (4.05 mg/L) than patients with other cancers (adjusted odds ratio = 2.67). Conclusions Systemic inflammation is more pronounced in patients with lung cancer than in patients with other cancers. The effect of FEV1 loss on the patients’ predicted risks of lung cancer increases with increasing smoking exposure. Measurements of FEV1 loss are useful to identify patients facing an increased risk of developing lung cancer.http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Smoking-exposure-loss-of-forced-expiratory-volume-in-one-second-and-the-risk-of-lung-cancer-among-patients-with-malignant-disease-who-present-with-cardiac-or-pulmonary-symptoms-a-cross-sectional-study,69732,0,2.htmllung cancerChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseasevital capacitysmoking exposurelung cancer risk
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Siegfried Wieshammer
Jens Dreyhaupt
spellingShingle Siegfried Wieshammer
Jens Dreyhaupt
Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
Tobacco Induced Diseases
lung cancer
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
vital capacity
smoking exposure
lung cancer risk
author_facet Siegfried Wieshammer
Jens Dreyhaupt
author_sort Siegfried Wieshammer
title Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_short Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_full Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
title_sort smoking exposure, loss of forced expiratory volume in one second and the risk of lung cancer among patients with malignant disease who present with cardiac or pulmonary symptoms: a cross-sectional study
publisher European Publishing
series Tobacco Induced Diseases
issn 1617-9625
publishDate 2017-03-01
description Introduction Smokers with airway obstruction are at a higher risk of lung cancer than smokers without airway obstruction. Inflammation plays a key role in lung carcinogenesis. This single-center study prospectively assessed (i) the relationship between smoking exposure and the loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in determining lung cancer risk and (ii) the effect of lung cancer on systemic inflammation. Material and Methods The study group comprised 475 consecutively enrolled patients with cancer who presented with pulmonary or cardiac symptoms. The effects of smoking exposure and FEV1 loss on the predicted lung cancer risk were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a marker of inflammation. Results The prevalence of lung cancer was 0.23. The lung cancer risk increased with the number of pack years and FEV1 loss (p < 0.01). Moving from the 5th (−22% of the predicted value) to the 95th percentile of FEV1 loss (56% of the predicted value) increased lung cancer risk from 0.07 to 0.23 (Δ = 0.16) at 0 pack years and from 0.39 to 0.73 (Δ = 0.34) at 70 pack years (95th percentile). The values for Δ peaked at 61 pack years (0.34) and then decreased with a further increase in smoking exposure, without reaching the zero mark. Patients with lung cancer were more likely to have a CRP level above the median (4.05 mg/L) than patients with other cancers (adjusted odds ratio = 2.67). Conclusions Systemic inflammation is more pronounced in patients with lung cancer than in patients with other cancers. The effect of FEV1 loss on the patients’ predicted risks of lung cancer increases with increasing smoking exposure. Measurements of FEV1 loss are useful to identify patients facing an increased risk of developing lung cancer.
topic lung cancer
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
vital capacity
smoking exposure
lung cancer risk
url http://www.journalssystem.com/tid/Smoking-exposure-loss-of-forced-expiratory-volume-in-one-second-and-the-risk-of-lung-cancer-among-patients-with-malignant-disease-who-present-with-cardiac-or-pulmonary-symptoms-a-cross-sectional-study,69732,0,2.html
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