Hardware-in-the-loop simulation 5 Controllers 4 Synthetic apertures 4 BMS characterization 2 Battery Management System 2 Controller hardware 2 Controller hardware-in-the-loop simulation 2 Cost effectiveness 2 DSO 2 DSOs 2 Energy management 2 Energy management systems 2 Equipment testing 2 Global system for mo-bile communication 2 Global systems 2 Hardwarein-the-loop simulations (HIL) 2 Low voltage distribution network 2 Low-voltage networks 2 Microgrid 2 Natural resources 2 Power amplifiers 2 Power hardware in the loops 2 Power hardware-in-the-loop simulation 2 Renewable energy resources 2 System stability 2 Testbeds 2 Testing and validation of controller 2 battery cell emulator 2 controller hardware-in-the-loop simulation 2 global system for mo-bile communication 2