Thermal performance and emission evaluation of a CI engine fueled with second-generation nano-enhanced biodiesel

This research explores the performance and emission behavior of a diesel engine fueled with nanoparticle-infused biodiesel synthesized from second-generation non-edible Pongamia pinnata oil. To enhance combustion and minimize emissions, metal oxide nanoparticles—titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxi...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
Main Authors:	C.R. Raghavendra, B.M. Kumara, S.S. Vinay, Manjunath Vatnalmath, Madeva Nagaral, Mazen R, T.M. Yunus Khan, Abdul Saddique Shaik, Hasan Sh Majdi
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2025-12-01
Subjects:	Pongamia biodiesel Metal oxide nanoparticles Response surface methodology Machine learning models XGBoost Nanofuel blends
Online Access:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X25014807