Vulnerability and risk assessment of lead (Pb) concentrations in drinking water via statistical and geostatistical analyses

IntroductionLead (Pb) contamination in drinking water poses serious public health risks, particularly when concentrations exceed the WHO permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 0.01 mg/L (10 ppb). This study investigates Pb levels in drinking water sources across five districts Kohat, Hangu, Dera Ismail...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Frontiers in Water
Main Authors:	Huma Shakoor, Fahad Alshehri, Muhammad Shahab, Faris A. Abanumay, Liaqat Ali
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Subjects:	lead contamination vulnerable population risk prediction good health and wellbeing ANOVA
Online Access:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frwa.2025.1548110/full