Safety and Immunogenicity of a Canine Distemper DNA Vaccine Formulated with Lipid Nanoparticles in Dogs, Foxes, and Raccoon Dogs

Background: canine distemper (CD) is a highly contagious and fatal disease caused by canine distemper virus (CDV), posing a significant threat to carnivores. New CDV strain circulation and multi-species infection may lead to the potential dilemma of safety concern and insufficient efficacy of the co...

Full description

Bibliographic Details

Published in:	Vaccines
Main Authors:	Hong Huo, Han Wang, Shulin Liang, Zilong Wang, Jinming Wang, Qingzhu Wang, Chan Li, Yuting Tao, Jinying Ge, Zhiyuan Wen, Jinliang Wang, Weiye Chen, Xijun Wang, Lei Shuai, Zhigao Bu
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Subjects:	canine distemper F protein H protein lipid nanoparticles DNA vaccine
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/6/614