The honey bee parasite Nosema ceranae: transmissible via food exchange?
Nosema ceranae, a newly introduced parasite of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, is contributing to worldwide colony losses. Other Nosema species, such as N. apis, tend to be associated with increased defecation and spread via a fecal-oral pathway, but because N. ceranae does not induce defecation, it...
| Published in: | PLoS ONE |
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| Main Author: | |
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-01-01
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| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3420906?pdf=render |